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Screening and diagnostic testing protocols for HIV and Syphilis infections in health care setting in Qatar: Evaluation and recommendations Gheyath K Nasrallah, Raniya Al-Buainain, Nadin Younes, ... more(12) Public Library of Science 2023-02-07 Background: HIV and Syphilis are common STIs, which have become a concern and burden on healthcare systems, as many infections go untreated and lead to potentially serious complications. HIV is usually diagnosed with Western blot, PCR, and p24 antigen testing. Whereas, Syphilis is mainly diagnosed through clinical findings and serologic testing. The Medical Commission Department (MC) under MOPH is responsible for screening all newcomers to Qatar, aiming to keep the country free from serious infectious diseases. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the protocols used in the MC for screening HIV and Syphilis infections. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of samples analyzed by 4th Generation ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo and Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) between January to December 2019. ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo positive samples were confirmed by INNO-LIA™ HIVI/II and RT-PCR. RPR-reactive samples were confirmed by ARCHITECT® Syphilis Treponema pallidium Antibody (Syphilis TPA) assay. Results: For HIV, data were collected from 585,587 individuals, of which 595 (0.1%) were positive by the ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo (Analyzer A). When all initially positive sera were re-tested on newly collected blood samples using different ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo analyzer (analyzer B), 99.8% (594/595) of samples were also positive, suggesting high reproducibility. The positive predictive value (PPV) between ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo and the INNO-LIA™ HIVI/II confirmatory assay was 31.8%. The PPV between ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo and HIV-PCR assay was 26.8%. Retrospective data for Syphilis were collected from a total of 97,298 individuals who visited the MC, of which 198 (0.20%) were initially positive by RPR. The PPV between RPR and Syphilis TPA confirmatory assay was 36.6%. Conclusion: Despite the high rate of false positivity using ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo and RPR screening assays, both assays have proven to be highly effective as screening testing methods.

Subject	의과학, 인문사회과학
Source	PLOS
URL	http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278079view
Article Title	Screening and diagnostic testing protocols for HIV and Syphilis infections in health care setting in Qatar: Evaluation and recommendations
Authors	Gheyath K Nasrallah; Raniya Al-Buainain; Nadin Younes; Soha R Dargham; Duaa W Al-Sadeq; Mohamed Elhassan; Ibrahim Al-Shaar; Hadi M Yassine; Laith J Abu-Raddad; Mohamed M Emara; Ahmed Ismail; Benjamin M Liu
Abstract	Background: HIV and Syphilis are common STIs, which have become a concern and burden on healthcare systems, as many infections go untreated and lead to potentially serious complications. HIV is usually diagnosed with Western blot, PCR, and p24 antigen testing. Whereas, Syphilis is mainly diagnosed through clinical findings and serologic testing. The Medical Commission Department (MC) under MOPH is responsible for screening all newcomers to Qatar, aiming to keep the country free from serious infectious diseases. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the protocols used in the MC for screening HIV and Syphilis infections. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of samples analyzed by 4th Generation ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo and Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) between January to December 2019. ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo positive samples were confirmed by INNO-LIA™ HIVI/II and RT-PCR. RPR-reactive samples were confirmed by ARCHITECT® Syphilis Treponema pallidium Antibody (Syphilis TPA) assay. Results: For HIV, data were collected from 585,587 individuals, of which 595 (0.1%) were positive by the ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo (Analyzer A). When all initially positive sera were re-tested on newly collected blood samples using different ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo analyzer (analyzer B), 99.8% (594/595) of samples were also positive, suggesting high reproducibility. The positive predictive value (PPV) between ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo and the INNO-LIA™ HIVI/II confirmatory assay was 31.8%. The PPV between ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo and HIV-PCR assay was 26.8%. Retrospective data for Syphilis were collected from a total of 97,298 individuals who visited the MC, of which 198 (0.20%) were initially positive by RPR. The PPV between RPR and Syphilis TPA confirmatory assay was 36.6%. Conclusion: Despite the high rate of false positivity using ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo and RPR screening assays, both assays have proven to be highly effective as screening testing methods.
Is Part Of	PLOS ONE 2023-02-07 , Vol.18 (2)
Identifier	EISSN: 1932-6203 ; PISSN:
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0278079
Publisher	Public Library of Science
Category	/Biology and life sciences/Biochemistry/Proteins/Immune system proteins/Antibodies; /Biology and life sciences/Immunology/Immune system proteins/Antibodies; /Biology and life sciences/Microbiology/Medical microbiology/Microbial pathogens/Viral pathogens/Immunodeficiency viruses/HIV; /Biology and life sciences/Microbiology/Medical microbiology/Microbial pathogens/Viral pathogens/Immunodeficiency viruses/HIV/HIV-1; /Biology and life sciences/Microbiology/Medical microbiology/Microbial pathogens/Viral pathogens/Retroviruses/Lentivirus/HIV; /Biology and life sciences/Microbiology/Medical microbiology/Microbial pathogens/Viral pathogens/Retroviruses/Lentivirus/HIV/HIV-1; /Biology and life sciences/Molecular biology/Molecular biology techniques/Artificial gene amplification and extension/Polymerase chain reaction/Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction; /Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Viruses/Immunodeficiency viruses/HIV; /Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Viruses/Immunodeficiency viruses/HIV/HIV-1; /Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Viruses/RNA viruses/Retroviruses/Lentivirus/HIV; /Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Viruses/RNA viruses/Retroviruses/Lentivirus/HIV/HIV-1; /Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Viruses/Viral pathogens/Immunodeficiency viruses/HIV; /Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Viruses/Viral pathogens/Immunodeficiency viruses/HIV/HIV-1; /Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Viruses/Viral pathogens/Retroviruses/Lentivirus/HIV; /Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Viruses/Viral pathogens/Retroviruses/Lentivirus/HIV/HIV-1; /Biology and life sciences/Physiology/Immune physiology/Antibodies; /Medicine and health sciences/Diagnostic medicine/HIV diagnosis and management; /Medicine and health sciences/Diagnostic medicine/Virus testing; /Medicine and health sciences/Immunology/Immune system proteins/Antibodies; /Medicine and health sciences/Medical conditions/Infectious diseases/Bacterial diseases/Treponematoses/Syphilis; /Medicine and health sciences/Medical conditions/Infectious diseases/Sexually transmitted diseases/Syphilis; /Medicine and health sciences/Medical conditions/Infectious diseases/Viral diseases/HIV infections; /Medicine and health sciences/Medical conditions/Tropical diseases/Neglected tropical diseases/Treponematoses/Syphilis; /Medicine and health sciences/Pathology and laboratory medicine/Pathogens/Microbial pathogens/Viral pathogens/Immunodeficiency viruses/HIV; /Medicine and health sciences/Pathology and laboratory medicine/Pathogens/Microbial pathogens/Viral pathogens/Immunodeficiency viruses/HIV/HIV-1; /Medicine and health sciences/Pathology and laboratory medicine/Pathogens/Microbial pathogens/Viral pathogens/Retroviruses/Lentivirus/HIV; /Medicine and health sciences/Pathology and laboratory medicine/Pathogens/Microbial pathogens/Viral pathogens/Retroviruses/Lentivirus/HIV/HIV-1; /Medicine and health sciences/Urology/Genitourinary infections/Syphilis; /Research and analysis methods/Molecular biology techniques/Artificial gene amplification and extension/Polymerase chain reaction/Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
License	Nasrallah et al This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Retraction: Overexpression of YAP and TAZ Is an Independent Predictor of Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer and Related to the Proliferation and Metastasis of Colon Cancer Cells The PLOS ONE Editors Public Library of Science 2023-02-07

Subject	의과학, 인문사회과학
Source	PLOS
URL	http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281614view
Article Title	Retraction: Overexpression of YAP and TAZ Is an Independent Predictor of Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer and Related to the Proliferation and Metastasis of Colon Cancer Cells
Authors	The PLOS ONE Editors
Abstract
Is Part Of	PLOS ONE 2023-02-07 , Vol.18 (2)
Identifier	EISSN: 1932-6203 ; PISSN:
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0281614
Publisher	Public Library of Science
Category
License	The PLOS ONE Editors This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Effects of personality traits on bus drivers’ prosocial and aggressive behaviours: The moderated mediating role of risk perception and gender Sihui Wang, Youran Zhang, Long Sun, ... more(4) Public Library of Science 2023-02-07 Purpose: The present study aimed to examine the effects of personality traits on bus drivers’ self-reported prosocial and aggressive driving behaviours as well as the mediating role of risk perception and the moderating role of gender in this relationship. Methods: Three hundred and ten bus drivers who were 24–57 years old agreed to participate in this study. The measures utilized included personality scales, a risk perception scale and a prosocial and aggressive driving behaviour scale. Results: A moderated mediation model was established. The effects of normlessness/anger on prosocial driving behaviour are mediated by risk perception. Risk perception has a stronger promoting effect on the prosocial driving behaviour of male drivers (b = 0.358, p < 0.01) than it does on that of female drivers (b = 0.072, p > 0.05). The effects of normlessness/anger on the aggressive driving behaviour of both male and female drivers are also mediated by risk perception. Moreover, gender plays a moderating role in the influences of personality and risk perception on aggressive driving behaviour. Drivers with higher risk perception and less anger exhibit less aggressive driving behaviour, and this effect is clearer among male drivers than it is among female drivers. Conclusion: The present study revealed the relationship between personality traits and the prosocial and aggressive driving behaviours of bus drivers through a moderated mediation model. These findings highlight the importance of taking risk perception and gender into consideration when examining the effects of personality on bus drivers’ driving behaviours.

Subject	의과학, 인문사회과학
Source	PLOS
URL	http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281473view
Article Title	Effects of personality traits on bus drivers’ prosocial and aggressive behaviours: The moderated mediating role of risk perception and gender
Authors	Sihui Wang; Youran Zhang; Long Sun; Ahmed Mancy Mosa
Abstract	Purpose: The present study aimed to examine the effects of personality traits on bus drivers’ self-reported prosocial and aggressive driving behaviours as well as the mediating role of risk perception and the moderating role of gender in this relationship. Methods: Three hundred and ten bus drivers who were 24–57 years old agreed to participate in this study. The measures utilized included personality scales, a risk perception scale and a prosocial and aggressive driving behaviour scale. Results: A moderated mediation model was established. The effects of normlessness/anger on prosocial driving behaviour are mediated by risk perception. Risk perception has a stronger promoting effect on the prosocial driving behaviour of male drivers (b = 0.358, p < 0.01) than it does on that of female drivers (b = 0.072, p > 0.05). The effects of normlessness/anger on the aggressive driving behaviour of both male and female drivers are also mediated by risk perception. Moreover, gender plays a moderating role in the influences of personality and risk perception on aggressive driving behaviour. Drivers with higher risk perception and less anger exhibit less aggressive driving behaviour, and this effect is clearer among male drivers than it is among female drivers. Conclusion: The present study revealed the relationship between personality traits and the prosocial and aggressive driving behaviours of bus drivers through a moderated mediation model. These findings highlight the importance of taking risk perception and gender into consideration when examining the effects of personality on bus drivers’ driving behaviours.
Is Part Of	PLOS ONE 2023-02-07 , Vol.18 (2)
Identifier	EISSN: 1932-6203 ; PISSN:
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0281473
Publisher	Public Library of Science
Category	/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Cognitive science/Cognitive psychology/Perception/Sensory perception; /Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Cognitive science/Cognitive psychology/Social cognition/Prosocial behavior; /Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Cognitive science/Cognitive psychology/Social cognition/Prosocial behavior/Altruistic behavior; /Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Sensory perception; /Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Behavior; /Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Behavior/Prosocial behavior; /Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Behavior/Prosocial behavior/Altruistic behavior; /Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Perception/Sensory perception; /Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Social cognition/Prosocial behavior; /Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Social cognition/Prosocial behavior/Altruistic behavior; /Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Personality; /Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Personality/Personality traits; /Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Social psychology/Social cognition/Prosocial behavior; /Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Social psychology/Social cognition/Prosocial behavior/Altruistic behavior; /Medicine and health sciences/Epidemiology/Medical risk factors; /Medicine and health sciences/Epidemiology/Medical risk factors/Traumatic injury risk factors; /Medicine and health sciences/Public and occupational health/Traumatic injury risk factors; /Social sciences/Psychology/Behavior; /Social sciences/Psychology/Behavior/Prosocial behavior; /Social sciences/Psychology/Behavior/Prosocial behavior/Altruistic behavior; /Social sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Perception/Sensory perception; /Social sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Social cognition/Prosocial behavior; /Social sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Social cognition/Prosocial behavior/Altruistic behavior; /Social sciences/Psychology/Personality; /Social sciences/Psychology/Personality/Personality traits; /Social sciences/Psychology/Social psychology/Social cognition/Prosocial behavior; /Social sciences/Psychology/Social psychology/Social cognition/Prosocial behavior/Altruistic behavior
License	Wang et al This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Insights into the genome of Methylobacterium sp. NMS14P, a novel bacterium for growth promotion of maize, chili, and sugarcane Jiraporn Jirakkakul, Ahmad Nuruddin Khoiri, Thanawat Duangfoo, ... more(12) Public Library of Science 2023-02-07 A novel methylotrophic bacterium designated as NMS14P was isolated from the root of an organic coffee plant (Coffea arabica) in Thailand. The 16S rRNA sequence analysis revealed that this new isolate belongs to the genus Methylobacterium, and its novelty was clarified by genomic and comparative genomic analyses, in which NMS14P exhibited low levels of relatedness with other Methylobacterium-type strains. NMS14P genome consists of a 6,268,579 bp chromosome, accompanied by a 542,519 bp megaplasmid and a 66,590 bp plasmid, namely pNMS14P1 and pNMS14P2, respectively. Several genes conferring plant growth promotion are aggregated on both chromosome and plasmids, including phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis, cytokinins (CKs) production, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity, sulfur-oxidizing activity, trehalose synthesis, and urea metabolism. Furthermore, pangenome analysis showed that NMS14P possessed the highest number of strain-specific genes accounting for 1408 genes, particularly those that are essential for colonization and survival in a wide array of host environments, such as ABC transporter, chemotaxis, quorum sensing, biofilm formation, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. In vivo tests have supported that NMS14P significantly promoted the growth and development of maize, chili, and sugarcane. Collectively, NMS14P is proposed as a novel plant growth-promoting Methylobacterium that could potentially be applied to a broad range of host plants as Methylobacterium-based biofertilizers to reduce and ultimately substitute the use of synthetic agrochemicals for sustainable agriculture.

Subject	의과학, 인문사회과학
Source	PLOS
URL	http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281505view
Article Title	Insights into the genome of Methylobacterium sp. NMS14P, a novel bacterium for growth promotion of maize, chili, and sugarcane
Authors	Jiraporn Jirakkakul; Ahmad Nuruddin Khoiri; Thanawat Duangfoo; Sudarat Dulsawat; Sawannee Sutheeworapong; Kantiya Petsong; Songsak Wattanachaisaereekul; Prasobsook Paenkaew; Anuwat Tachaleat; Supapon Cheevadhanarak; Peerada Prommeenate; Ying Ma
Abstract	A novel methylotrophic bacterium designated as NMS14P was isolated from the root of an organic coffee plant (Coffea arabica) in Thailand. The 16S rRNA sequence analysis revealed that this new isolate belongs to the genus Methylobacterium, and its novelty was clarified by genomic and comparative genomic analyses, in which NMS14P exhibited low levels of relatedness with other Methylobacterium-type strains. NMS14P genome consists of a 6,268,579 bp chromosome, accompanied by a 542,519 bp megaplasmid and a 66,590 bp plasmid, namely pNMS14P1 and pNMS14P2, respectively. Several genes conferring plant growth promotion are aggregated on both chromosome and plasmids, including phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis, cytokinins (CKs) production, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity, sulfur-oxidizing activity, trehalose synthesis, and urea metabolism. Furthermore, pangenome analysis showed that NMS14P possessed the highest number of strain-specific genes accounting for 1408 genes, particularly those that are essential for colonization and survival in a wide array of host environments, such as ABC transporter, chemotaxis, quorum sensing, biofilm formation, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. In vivo tests have supported that NMS14P significantly promoted the growth and development of maize, chili, and sugarcane. Collectively, NMS14P is proposed as a novel plant growth-promoting Methylobacterium that could potentially be applied to a broad range of host plants as Methylobacterium-based biofertilizers to reduce and ultimately substitute the use of synthetic agrochemicals for sustainable agriculture.
Is Part Of	PLOS ONE 2023-02-07 , Vol.18 (2)
Identifier	EISSN: 1932-6203 ; PISSN:
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0281505
Publisher	Public Library of Science
Category	/Biology and life sciences/Agriculture/Crop science/Crops/Sugarcane; /Biology and life sciences/Bioengineering/Biotechnology/Plant biotechnology/Plant genomics; /Biology and life sciences/Computational biology/Comparative genomics; /Biology and life sciences/Developmental biology/Plant growth and development; /Biology and life sciences/Genetics/Genomics; /Biology and life sciences/Genetics/Genomics/Comparative genomics; /Biology and life sciences/Genetics/Genomics/Microbial genomics/Bacterial genomics; /Biology and life sciences/Genetics/Genomics/Plant genomics; /Biology and life sciences/Genetics/Microbial genetics/Bacterial genetics/Bacterial genomics; /Biology and life sciences/Genetics/Plant genetics/Plant genomics; /Biology and life sciences/Microbiology/Bacteriology/Bacterial genetics/Bacterial genomics; /Biology and life sciences/Microbiology/Microbial genomics/Bacterial genomics; /Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Bacteria/Methylobacterium; /Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Eukaryota/Plants/Grasses/Sugarcane; /Biology and life sciences/Plant science/Plant biotechnology/Plant genomics; /Biology and life sciences/Plant science/Plant genetics/Plant genomics; /Biology and life sciences/Plant science/Plant growth and development; /Engineering and technology/Bioengineering/Biotechnology/Plant biotechnology/Plant genomics; /Physical sciences/Chemistry/Chemical compounds/Phosphates
License	Jirakkakul et al This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Development of the Acoustic Comfort Assessment Scale (ACAS-12): Psychometric properties, validity evidence and back-translation between Spanish and English Karmele Herranz-Pascual, Ioseba Iraurgi, Itziar Aspuru, ... more(7) Public Library of Science 2023-02-07 A methodological proposal of a scale for human perception assessment of acoustic environment (acoustic comfort) in urban public spaces is presented: Acoustic Comfort Assessment Scale (ACAS 12). This paper shows the process of constructing this scale and its psychometric properties and validation. The approach is based on the soundscape conceptualisation collected in ISO 12913–1:2014 (Acoustics—Soundscape: Definition and conceptual framework). The proposed scale is a 5-point semantic differential scale made up of twelve pairs of bipolar adjectives, grouped around five theoretical dimensions. It is based on previous versions of 2-point and 3-point scales. The ACAS-12 scale is the result of several empirical studies carried out by the authors on environmental and acoustic comfort assessment, beginning in 2011 in some cities of the Basque Country (Spain). Selected urban open places cover a wide variability of acoustic and non-acoustic characteristics, as well as the type of participants (real users) and activities carried out in these places. The original language of this scale is Spanish. The back-translation technique has been applied to create the English version. The results highlight the good psychometric properties of the ACAS 12 scale (Cronbach’s alpha 0.91 and composite reliability 0.90) and indicate that the best factorial solution is that of a single factor composed of the 12 pairs of adjectives that would explain approximately 50% of the ACAS-12 variance (44% of extracted variance by Raykov’s method or 56% by the MAP test). The absolute and incremental fit indices were above the minimum reference value of 0.90 and the residual-based indices showed values close to suitability (SRMR = 0.057; RMSEA = 0.042). This result supports the consideration of the ACAS-12 scale as a general measure of acoustic comfort.

Subject	의과학, 인문사회과학
Source	PLOS
URL	http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281534view
Article Title	Development of the Acoustic Comfort Assessment Scale (ACAS-12): Psychometric properties, validity evidence and back-translation between Spanish and English
Authors	Karmele Herranz-Pascual; Ioseba Iraurgi; Itziar Aspuru; Igone Garcia-Pérez; José Luis Eguiguren; Álvaro Santander; Silia Vitoratou
Abstract	A methodological proposal of a scale for human perception assessment of acoustic environment (acoustic comfort) in urban public spaces is presented: Acoustic Comfort Assessment Scale (ACAS 12). This paper shows the process of constructing this scale and its psychometric properties and validation. The approach is based on the soundscape conceptualisation collected in ISO 12913–1:2014 (Acoustics—Soundscape: Definition and conceptual framework). The proposed scale is a 5-point semantic differential scale made up of twelve pairs of bipolar adjectives, grouped around five theoretical dimensions. It is based on previous versions of 2-point and 3-point scales. The ACAS-12 scale is the result of several empirical studies carried out by the authors on environmental and acoustic comfort assessment, beginning in 2011 in some cities of the Basque Country (Spain). Selected urban open places cover a wide variability of acoustic and non-acoustic characteristics, as well as the type of participants (real users) and activities carried out in these places. The original language of this scale is Spanish. The back-translation technique has been applied to create the English version. The results highlight the good psychometric properties of the ACAS 12 scale (Cronbach’s alpha 0.91 and composite reliability 0.90) and indicate that the best factorial solution is that of a single factor composed of the 12 pairs of adjectives that would explain approximately 50% of the ACAS-12 variance (44% of extracted variance by Raykov’s method or 56% by the MAP test). The absolute and incremental fit indices were above the minimum reference value of 0.90 and the residual-based indices showed values close to suitability (SRMR = 0.057; RMSEA = 0.042). This result supports the consideration of the ACAS-12 scale as a general measure of acoustic comfort.
Is Part Of	PLOS ONE 2023-02-07 , Vol.18 (2)
Identifier	EISSN: 1932-6203 ; PISSN:
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0281534
Publisher	Public Library of Science
Category	/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Cognitive science/Cognitive psychology/Language; /Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Cognitive science/Cognitive psychology/Perception/Sensory perception; /Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Sensory perception; /Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Language; /Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Perception/Sensory perception; /Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Psychometrics; /Ecology and environmental sciences/Terrestrial environments/Urban environments; /People and places/Geographical locations/Europe/European Union/Spain; /Physical sciences/Mathematics/Probability theory/Probability distribution/Skewness; /Physical sciences/Mathematics/Statistics/Statistical methods/Factor analysis; /Physical sciences/Physics/Acoustics; /Research and analysis methods/Mathematical and statistical techniques/Statistical methods/Factor analysis; /Social sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Language; /Social sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Perception/Sensory perception; /Social sciences/Psychology/Psychometrics
License	Herranz-Pascual et al This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Partial heart transplantation for pediatric heart valve dysfunction: A clinical trial protocol Taufiek Konrad Rajab, Brielle Ochoa, Kasparas Zilinskas, ... more(11) Public Library of Science 2023-02-07 Congenital heart defects are the most common type of birth defects in humans and frequently involve heart valve dysfunction. The current treatment for unrepairable heart valves involves valve replacement with an implant, Ross pulmonary autotransplantation, or conventional orthotopic heart transplantation. Although these treatments are appropriate for older children and adults, they do not result in the same efficacy and durability in infants and young children for several reasons. Heart valve implants do not grow with the. Ross pulmonary autotransplants have a high mortality rate in neonates and are not feasible if the pulmonary valve is dysfunctional or absent. Furthermore, orthotopic heart transplants invariably fail from ventricular dysfunction over time. Therefore, the treatment of irreparable heart valves in infants and young children remains an unsolved problem. The objective of this single-arm, prospective study is to offer an alternative solution based on a new type of transplant, which we call “partial heart transplantation.” Partial heart transplantation differs from conventional orthotopic heart transplantation because only the part of the heart containing the heart valve is transplanted. Similar to Ross pulmonary autotransplants and conventional orthotopic heart transplants, partial heart transplants contain live cells that should allow it to grow with the recipient child. Therefore, partial heart transplants will require immunosuppression. The risks from immunosuppression can be managed, as seen in conventional orthotopic heart transplant recipients. Stopping immunosuppression will simply turn the growing partial heart transplant into a non-growing homovital homograft. Once this homograft deteriorates, it can be replaced with a durable adult-sized mechanical implant. The protocol for our single-arm trial is described. The ClinicalTrials.gov trial registration number is NCT05372757.

Subject	의과학, 인문사회과학
Source	PLOS
URL	http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280163view
Article Title	Partial heart transplantation for pediatric heart valve dysfunction: A clinical trial protocol
Authors	Taufiek Konrad Rajab; Brielle Ochoa; Kasparas Zilinskas; Jennie Kwon; Carolyn L Taylor; Heather T Henderson; Andrew J Savage; Minoo Kavarana; Joseph W Turek; John M Costello; Jaimin R Trivedi
Abstract	Congenital heart defects are the most common type of birth defects in humans and frequently involve heart valve dysfunction. The current treatment for unrepairable heart valves involves valve replacement with an implant, Ross pulmonary autotransplantation, or conventional orthotopic heart transplantation. Although these treatments are appropriate for older children and adults, they do not result in the same efficacy and durability in infants and young children for several reasons. Heart valve implants do not grow with the. Ross pulmonary autotransplants have a high mortality rate in neonates and are not feasible if the pulmonary valve is dysfunctional or absent. Furthermore, orthotopic heart transplants invariably fail from ventricular dysfunction over time. Therefore, the treatment of irreparable heart valves in infants and young children remains an unsolved problem. The objective of this single-arm, prospective study is to offer an alternative solution based on a new type of transplant, which we call “partial heart transplantation.” Partial heart transplantation differs from conventional orthotopic heart transplantation because only the part of the heart containing the heart valve is transplanted. Similar to Ross pulmonary autotransplants and conventional orthotopic heart transplants, partial heart transplants contain live cells that should allow it to grow with the recipient child. Therefore, partial heart transplants will require immunosuppression. The risks from immunosuppression can be managed, as seen in conventional orthotopic heart transplant recipients. Stopping immunosuppression will simply turn the growing partial heart transplant into a non-growing homovital homograft. Once this homograft deteriorates, it can be replaced with a durable adult-sized mechanical implant. The protocol for our single-arm trial is described. The ClinicalTrials.gov trial registration number is NCT05372757.
Is Part Of	PLOS ONE 2023-02-07 , Vol.18 (2)
Identifier	EISSN: 1932-6203 ; PISSN:
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0280163
Publisher	Public Library of Science
Category	/Biology and life sciences/Anatomy/Cardiovascular anatomy/Heart; /Biology and life sciences/Bioengineering/Biotechnology/Medical devices and equipment/Medical implants; /Engineering and technology/Bioengineering/Biotechnology/Medical devices and equipment/Medical implants; /Medicine and health sciences/Anatomy/Cardiovascular anatomy/Heart; /Medicine and health sciences/Cardiology/Pediatric cardiology; /Medicine and health sciences/Epidemiology/Medical risk factors; /Medicine and health sciences/Medical devices and equipment/Medical implants; /Medicine and health sciences/Pediatrics; /Medicine and health sciences/Pediatrics/Pediatric cardiology; /Medicine and health sciences/Surgical and invasive medical procedures/Cardiovascular procedures/Cardiac transplantation; /Medicine and health sciences/Surgical and invasive medical procedures/Cardiovascular procedures/Valve replacement; /Medicine and health sciences/Surgical and invasive medical procedures/Pediatric surgery; /Medicine and health sciences/Surgical and invasive medical procedures/Transplantation/Organ transplantation/Cardiac transplantation
License	Rajab et al This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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The spatial propagation and increasing dominance of Gilbertiodendron dewevrei (Fabaceae) in the eastern Congo basin Henry B Glick, Peter M Umunay, Jean-Remy Makana, ... more(7) Public Library of Science 2023-02-07 Though substantial research has been conducted on possible historical, physiological, and symbiotic mechanisms that permit monodominance to occur within tropical lowland rainforests, less is known about the successional rates at which monodominance exerts itself on surrounding forest structures. Here we extend efforts to evaluate the longitudinal dynamics of Gilbertiodendron dewevrei-dominated forest in Central Africa by considering this species’ spatial dynamics. Using three 10-ha censused field plots measured across three time periods, we present the first quantitative estimates of the spatial propagation of Gilbertiodendron into adjacent mixed species forest. Using three analytical strategies, we demonstrate that Gilbertiodendron is increasing in dominance and that monodominant forest patches are expanding into the surrounding forest at a statistically significant rate. The rates of successional advance vary by patch and direction, but average 0.31 m year−1, with speeds greatest in the direction of the prevailing winds. We show that the advancement of Gilbertiodendron is significantly slower than documented rates from other forest ecotones across Central Africa. When paired with stress tolerance traits and ectomycorrhizal associations, these findings help to clarify the means by which Gilbertiodendron dewevrei gains dominance in otherwise species-diverse regions.

Subject	의과학, 인문사회과학
Source	PLOS
URL	http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275519view
Article Title	The spatial propagation and increasing dominance of Gilbertiodendron dewevrei (Fabaceae) in the eastern Congo basin
Authors	Henry B Glick; Peter M Umunay; Jean-Remy Makana; C Dana Tomlin; Jonathan D Reuning-Scherer; Timothy G Gregoire; Louis-Felix Bersier
Abstract	Though substantial research has been conducted on possible historical, physiological, and symbiotic mechanisms that permit monodominance to occur within tropical lowland rainforests, less is known about the successional rates at which monodominance exerts itself on surrounding forest structures. Here we extend efforts to evaluate the longitudinal dynamics of Gilbertiodendron dewevrei-dominated forest in Central Africa by considering this species’ spatial dynamics. Using three 10-ha censused field plots measured across three time periods, we present the first quantitative estimates of the spatial propagation of Gilbertiodendron into adjacent mixed species forest. Using three analytical strategies, we demonstrate that Gilbertiodendron is increasing in dominance and that monodominant forest patches are expanding into the surrounding forest at a statistically significant rate. The rates of successional advance vary by patch and direction, but average 0.31 m year−1, with speeds greatest in the direction of the prevailing winds. We show that the advancement of Gilbertiodendron is significantly slower than documented rates from other forest ecotones across Central Africa. When paired with stress tolerance traits and ectomycorrhizal associations, these findings help to clarify the means by which Gilbertiodendron dewevrei gains dominance in otherwise species-diverse regions.
Is Part Of	PLOS ONE 2023-02-07 , Vol.18 (2)
Identifier	EISSN: 1932-6203 ; PISSN:
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0275519
Publisher	Public Library of Science
Category	/Biology and life sciences/Ecology/Ecosystems/Forests; /Biology and life sciences/Ecology/Ecosystems/Forests/Rainforests; /Biology and life sciences/Ecology/Ecosystems/Forests/Tropical forests; /Biology and life sciences/Ecology/Plant ecology/Plant communities/Grasslands; /Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Eukaryota/Plants/Trees; /Biology and life sciences/Plant science/Plant ecology/Plant communities/Grasslands; /Ecology and environmental sciences/Ecology/Ecosystems/Forests; /Ecology and environmental sciences/Ecology/Ecosystems/Forests/Rainforests; /Ecology and environmental sciences/Ecology/Ecosystems/Forests/Tropical forests; /Ecology and environmental sciences/Ecology/Plant ecology/Plant communities/Grasslands; /Ecology and environmental sciences/Species colonization/Invasive species; /Ecology and environmental sciences/Terrestrial environments/Forests; /Ecology and environmental sciences/Terrestrial environments/Forests/Rainforests; /Ecology and environmental sciences/Terrestrial environments/Forests/Tropical forests; /Ecology and environmental sciences/Terrestrial environments/Grasslands; /Physical sciences/Mathematics/Discrete mathematics/Combinatorics/Permutation; /Research and analysis methods/Research design/Survey research/Census
License	Glick et al This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Nitric oxide is associated with fracture risk in Japanese women Masataka Shiraki, Tatsuhiko Kuroda, Masaki Nakano, ... more(7) Public Library of Science 2023-02-07 Although nitric oxide (NO) is a known factor that regulates the bone physiology, few and discordant results have been obtained in human studies evaluating the effect of nitrates on bone health. We investigated for the relationship between serum NOx level and incident osteoporotic fracture rate prospectively in a cohort consisting of Japanese women. A total of 871 subjects (67.5 ± 10.8 y/o) were analyzed. During the observation period (8.8 ± 7.2 yrs), incident osteoporotic fractures occurred in 267 participants (209 vertebral fractures, 57 long-bone fractures, and 1 both types). Hazard ratio, by the Cox proportional hazards model, of serum NOx for incident fracture was 0.64 (95% confidence interval 0.53–0.78, p < 0.001) after adjustment for baseline age (1.13, 1.06–1.21, p < 0.001), lumbar bone mineral density (L-BMD; 0.85, 0.78–0.92, p < 0.001), presence of prevalent fracture (3.27, 2.49–4.32, p < 0.001), and treatment of osteoporosis (0.70, 0.53–0.92, p = 0.010). The relationships between serum level of NOx and bone-related parameters were examined by multiple regression analysis; body mass index (p < 0.001) and L-BMD (p = 0.011) were significantly associated with serum NOx level. These results suggest that the low circulating NOx is one of the independent predictors for osteoporotic fracture occurrence in postmenopausal women.

Subject	의과학, 인문사회과학
Source	PLOS
URL	http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280854view
Article Title	Nitric oxide is associated with fracture risk in Japanese women
Authors	Masataka Shiraki; Tatsuhiko Kuroda; Masaki Nakano; Yukio Nakamura; Mitsuru Saito; Tomohiko Urano; Robert Daniel Blank
Abstract	Although nitric oxide (NO) is a known factor that regulates the bone physiology, few and discordant results have been obtained in human studies evaluating the effect of nitrates on bone health. We investigated for the relationship between serum NOx level and incident osteoporotic fracture rate prospectively in a cohort consisting of Japanese women. A total of 871 subjects (67.5 ± 10.8 y/o) were analyzed. During the observation period (8.8 ± 7.2 yrs), incident osteoporotic fractures occurred in 267 participants (209 vertebral fractures, 57 long-bone fractures, and 1 both types). Hazard ratio, by the Cox proportional hazards model, of serum NOx for incident fracture was 0.64 (95% confidence interval 0.53–0.78, p < 0.001) after adjustment for baseline age (1.13, 1.06–1.21, p < 0.001), lumbar bone mineral density (L-BMD; 0.85, 0.78–0.92, p < 0.001), presence of prevalent fracture (3.27, 2.49–4.32, p < 0.001), and treatment of osteoporosis (0.70, 0.53–0.92, p = 0.010). The relationships between serum level of NOx and bone-related parameters were examined by multiple regression analysis; body mass index (p < 0.001) and L-BMD (p = 0.011) were significantly associated with serum NOx level. These results suggest that the low circulating NOx is one of the independent predictors for osteoporotic fracture occurrence in postmenopausal women.
Is Part Of	PLOS ONE 2023-02-07 , Vol.18 (2)
Identifier	EISSN: 1932-6203 ; PISSN:
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0280854
Publisher	Public Library of Science
Category	/Biology and life sciences/Anatomy/Biological tissue/Connective tissue/Bone/Bone density; /Biology and life sciences/Anatomy/Musculoskeletal system/Skeleton/Bone/Bone density; /Biology and life sciences/Biochemistry/Hormones/Parathyroid hormone; /Biology and life sciences/Biochemistry/Neurochemistry/Neurochemicals/Nitric oxide; /Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Neurochemistry/Neurochemicals/Nitric oxide; /Biology and life sciences/Physiology/Physiological parameters/Body weight/Body mass index; /Medicine and health sciences/Anatomy/Biological tissue/Connective tissue/Bone/Bone density; /Medicine and health sciences/Anatomy/Musculoskeletal system/Skeleton/Bone/Bone density; /Medicine and health sciences/Critical care and emergency medicine/Trauma medicine/Traumatic injury/Bone fracture; /Medicine and health sciences/Oncology/Cancer treatment; /Medicine and health sciences/Rheumatology/Connective tissue diseases/Osteoporosis; /Physical sciences/Chemistry/Chemical compounds/Nitrates
License	Shiraki et al This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Women’s multidimensional empowerment index and essential newborn care practice in Bangladesh: The mediating role of skilled antenatal care follow-ups Kanchan Kumar Sen, Ahsan Rahman Jamee, Wasimul Bari, ... more(4) Public Library of Science 2023-02-07 Introduction: The World Health Organization recommended a set of five neonatal care practices that are most essential for good health of a newborn. As good essential newborn care (ENC) practice reduces the risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality, this paper focuses how women’s multidimensional empowerment index is associated with this practice through the skilled antenatal care. To the best of knowledge, no such study has been conducted yet. The composite index of women’s multidimensional empowerments was constructed using family decision, intimate partner violence, social status, healthcare access and economic status of women; and skilled antenatal care was defined if a pregnant woman received eight or more checkups during pregnancy from skilled health professionals. Materials and methods: Data extracted from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2017–18 have been utilized in the study. A total of 2441 mothers have been considered who delivered their last live birth at home within three years preceding the survey. A mediation analysis was performed considering the structural equation modeling to find out the adjusted association of women’s empowerment on both skilled antenatal care and good ENC practice, but the unadjusted associations were also checked using a chi-square test. To test the indirect as well as total effect of women’s empowerment through skilled antenatal care on good ENC practice, bias-corrected standard errors were estimated using a bootstrapping sampling. Results: Good ENC practice was considerably low in Bangladesh with 7.6% of newborns receiving the practice. Both adjusted and unadjusted analyses showed the significant association of women’s empowerment with both skilled antenatal care and good ENC practice. The study revealed that the indirect effect of high empowerment through skilled antenatal care was greater than its direct effect on good ENC practice. Conclusion: This study explored that the prevalence of good ENC practice can be accelerated through women’s empowerment, where skilled antenatal care plays an important mediating role in improving good ENC practice among highly empowered mothers. The study suggests that a woman should follow the latest guidelines recommended by WHO for antenatal care follow-up. Policymakers can modify some of the maternal and child health care interventions based on the research findings.

Subject	의과학, 인문사회과학
Source	PLOS
URL	http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281369view
Article Title	Women’s multidimensional empowerment index and essential newborn care practice in Bangladesh: The mediating role of skilled antenatal care follow-ups
Authors	Kanchan Kumar Sen; Ahsan Rahman Jamee; Wasimul Bari; Gouranga Lal Dasvarma
Abstract	Introduction: The World Health Organization recommended a set of five neonatal care practices that are most essential for good health of a newborn. As good essential newborn care (ENC) practice reduces the risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality, this paper focuses how women’s multidimensional empowerment index is associated with this practice through the skilled antenatal care. To the best of knowledge, no such study has been conducted yet. The composite index of women’s multidimensional empowerments was constructed using family decision, intimate partner violence, social status, healthcare access and economic status of women; and skilled antenatal care was defined if a pregnant woman received eight or more checkups during pregnancy from skilled health professionals. Materials and methods: Data extracted from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2017–18 have been utilized in the study. A total of 2441 mothers have been considered who delivered their last live birth at home within three years preceding the survey. A mediation analysis was performed considering the structural equation modeling to find out the adjusted association of women’s empowerment on both skilled antenatal care and good ENC practice, but the unadjusted associations were also checked using a chi-square test. To test the indirect as well as total effect of women’s empowerment through skilled antenatal care on good ENC practice, bias-corrected standard errors were estimated using a bootstrapping sampling. Results: Good ENC practice was considerably low in Bangladesh with 7.6% of newborns receiving the practice. Both adjusted and unadjusted analyses showed the significant association of women’s empowerment with both skilled antenatal care and good ENC practice. The study revealed that the indirect effect of high empowerment through skilled antenatal care was greater than its direct effect on good ENC practice. Conclusion: This study explored that the prevalence of good ENC practice can be accelerated through women’s empowerment, where skilled antenatal care plays an important mediating role in improving good ENC practice among highly empowered mothers. The study suggests that a woman should follow the latest guidelines recommended by WHO for antenatal care follow-up. Policymakers can modify some of the maternal and child health care interventions based on the research findings.
Is Part Of	PLOS ONE 2023-02-07 , Vol.18 (2)
Identifier	EISSN: 1932-6203 ; PISSN:
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0281369
Publisher	Public Library of Science
Category	/Biology and life sciences/Developmental biology/Neonates; /Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Behavior/Parenting behavior; /Medicine and health sciences/Health care/Neonatal care; /Medicine and health sciences/Pediatrics/Neonatology/Neonatal care; /Medicine and health sciences/Women's health/Maternal health/Antenatal care; /Medicine and health sciences/Women's health/Maternal health/Birth/Labor and delivery; /Medicine and health sciences/Women's health/Maternal health/Neonatal care; /Medicine and health sciences/Women's health/Maternal health/Pregnancy; /Medicine and health sciences/Women's health/Obstetrics and gynecology/Birth/Labor and delivery; /Medicine and health sciences/Women's health/Obstetrics and gynecology/Pregnancy; /People and places/Geographical locations/Asia/Bangladesh; /People and places/Population groupings/Families/Mothers; /Social sciences/Psychology/Behavior/Parenting behavior
License	Sen et al This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Impulse oscillometry system for assessing small airway dysfunction in pediatric bronchiolitis obliterans; association with conventional pulmonary function tests Hye Jin Lee, Hwan Soo Kim, Jong-seo Yoon, ... more(4) Public Library of Science 2023-02-07 Impulse oscillometry system (IOS) is a simple, and less invasive method for assessing small to total airway resistance in children. We analyzed the correlation between IOS, spirometry, and plethysmographic parameters performed for the diagnosis of pediatric BO patients. A total of 89 IOS assessments of pediatric BO patients or children without lung disease were included, and the relationship between pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and diagnostic performance was analyzed. R5, R5-20, X5, and AX were statistically significantly worse in the BO group. In general linear correlation analysis, R5% (adjusted β [aβ], -0.59; p < 0.001) and AX % (aβ, -0.9; p < 0.001) showed the strongest correlation with conventional PFT parameters. R5% and AX % also showed the highest correlation with FEF25-75% (aβ, -0.48; p < 0.001 and aβ, -0.83; p < 0.001), and sRaw % (aβ, -0.73; p = 0.003 and aβ, -0.59; p = 0.008, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that R5 Z-score showed the highest ORs with FEV1 (OR = 3.94, p = 0.006), FEF25-75% (OR = 5.96, p = 0.005), and sRaw % (OR = 4.85, p = 0.022). Receiver operating curve analysis suggested AX % and R5% as the most optimal IOS parameters for BO diagnostic performance with the area under the curve of 0.915 and 0.882, respectively. In conclusion, R5 and AX are the parameters that can independently identify the severity of airway obstruction in pediatric BO patients without conventional lung function tests. IOS is an easy-to-perform, and reliable diagnostic method capable of detecting pathological obliteration of the small airways in children with BO.

Subject	의과학, 인문사회과학
Source	PLOS
URL	http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280309view
Article Title	Impulse oscillometry system for assessing small airway dysfunction in pediatric bronchiolitis obliterans; association with conventional pulmonary function tests
Authors	Hye Jin Lee; Hwan Soo Kim; Jong-seo Yoon; Dong Keon Yon
Abstract	Impulse oscillometry system (IOS) is a simple, and less invasive method for assessing small to total airway resistance in children. We analyzed the correlation between IOS, spirometry, and plethysmographic parameters performed for the diagnosis of pediatric BO patients. A total of 89 IOS assessments of pediatric BO patients or children without lung disease were included, and the relationship between pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and diagnostic performance was analyzed. R5, R5-20, X5, and AX were statistically significantly worse in the BO group. In general linear correlation analysis, R5% (adjusted β [aβ], -0.59; p < 0.001) and AX % (aβ, -0.9; p < 0.001) showed the strongest correlation with conventional PFT parameters. R5% and AX % also showed the highest correlation with FEF25-75% (aβ, -0.48; p < 0.001 and aβ, -0.83; p < 0.001), and sRaw % (aβ, -0.73; p = 0.003 and aβ, -0.59; p = 0.008, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that R5 Z-score showed the highest ORs with FEV1 (OR = 3.94, p = 0.006), FEF25-75% (OR = 5.96, p = 0.005), and sRaw % (OR = 4.85, p = 0.022). Receiver operating curve analysis suggested AX % and R5% as the most optimal IOS parameters for BO diagnostic performance with the area under the curve of 0.915 and 0.882, respectively. In conclusion, R5 and AX are the parameters that can independently identify the severity of airway obstruction in pediatric BO patients without conventional lung function tests. IOS is an easy-to-perform, and reliable diagnostic method capable of detecting pathological obliteration of the small airways in children with BO.
Is Part Of	PLOS ONE 2023-02-07 , Vol.18 (2)
Identifier	EISSN: 1932-6203 ; PISSN:
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0280309
Publisher	Public Library of Science
Category	/Medicine and health sciences/Diagnostic medicine; /Medicine and health sciences/Medical conditions/Respiratory disorders/Asthma; /Medicine and health sciences/Medical conditions/Respiratory disorders/Bronchiolitis; /Medicine and health sciences/Pediatrics; /Medicine and health sciences/Pulmonology/Pulmonary function; /Medicine and health sciences/Pulmonology/Respiratory disorders/Asthma; /Medicine and health sciences/Pulmonology/Respiratory disorders/Bronchiolitis; /Medicine and health sciences/Surgical and invasive medical procedures/Blood and lymphatic system procedures/Stem cell transplantation/Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; /Medicine and health sciences/Surgical and invasive medical procedures/Transplantation/Cell transplantation/Stem cell transplantation/Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; /Physical sciences/Mathematics/Statistics/Statistical methods/Regression analysis/Linear regression analysis; /Research and analysis methods/Bioassays and physiological analysis/Respiratory analysis/Spirometry; /Research and analysis methods/Mathematical and statistical techniques/Statistical methods/Regression analysis/Linear regression analysis
License	Lee et al This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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