The essentially unique reduction of the Euler-Poinsot problem may be performed in different sets of variables. Action-angle variables are usually preferred because of their suitability for approaching perturbed rigid-body motion. But they are just one among the variety of sets of canonical coordinates that integrate the problem. We present an alternate set of variables that, while allowing for similar performances than action-angles in the study of perturbed problems, show an important advantage over them: Their transformation from and to Andoyer variables is given in explicit form.

This short note presents a peculiar generalization of the Riemann hypothesis, as the action of the permutation group on the elements of continued fractions. The problem is difficult to attack through traditional analytic techniques, and thus this note focuses on providing a numerical survey. These results indicate a broad class of previously unexamined functions may obey the Riemann hypothesis in general, and even share the non-trivial zeros in particular.

Two numbers $m$ and $n$ are considered amicable if the sum of their proper divisors, $s(n)$ and $s(m)$, satisfy $s(n) = m$ and $s(m) = n$. In 1981, Pomerance showed that the sum of the reciprocals of all such numbers, $P$, is a constant. We obtain both a lower and an upper bound on the value of $P$.

In the framework of the PDE's algebraic topology, previously introduced by A. Pr\'astaro, are considered {\em exotic differential equations}, i.e., differential equations admitting Cauchy manifolds $N$ identifiable with exotic spheres, or such that their boundaries $\partial N$ are exotic spheres. For such equations are obtained local and global existence theorems and stability theorems. In particular the smooth ($4$-dimensional) Poincar\'e conjecture is proved. This allows to complete the previous Theorem 4.59 in \cite{PRA17} also for the case $n=4$.

The degrees of freedom (DoF) region of the fast-fading MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) Gaussian broadcast channel (BC) is studied when there is delayed channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT). In this setting, the channel matrices are assumed to vary independently across time and the transmitter is assumed to know the channel matrices with some arbitrary finite delay. An outer-bound to the DoF region of the general $K$-user MIMO BC (with an arbitrary number of antennas at each terminal) is derived. This outer-bound is then shown to be tight for two classes of MIMO BCs, namely, (a) the two-user MIMO BC with arbitrary number of antennas at all terminals, and (b) for certain three-user MIMO BCs where all three receivers have an equal number of antennas and the transmitter has no more than twice the number of antennas present at each receivers. The achievability results are obtained by developing an interference alignment scheme that optimally accounts for multiple, and possibly distinct, number of antennas at the receivers.

In this work we provide an Aleksandrov-Bakelman-Pucci type estimate for a certain class of fully nonlinear elliptic integro-differential equations, the proof of which relies on an appropriate generalization of the convex envelope to a nonlocal, fractional-order setting and on the use of Riesz potentials to interpret second derivatives as fractional order operators. This result applies to a family of equations involving some nondegenerate kernels and as a consequence provides some new regularity results for previously untreated equations. Furthermore, this result also gives a new comparison theorem for viscosity solutions of such equations which only depends on the $L^\infty$ and $L^n$ norms of the right hand side, in contrast to previous comparison results which utilize the continuity of the right hand side for their conclusions. These results appear to be new even for the linear case of the relevant equations.

Let F_q be the finite field of q elements. Let H be a multiplicative subgroup of F_q^*. For a positive integer k and element b\in F_q, we give a sharp estimate for the number of k-element subsets of H which sum to b.

The Lie module of the group algebra $FS_n$ of the symmetric group is known to be not projective if and only if the characteristic $p$ of $F$ divides $n$. We show that in this case its non-projective summands belong to the principal block of $FS_n$. Let $V$ be a vector space of dimension $m$ over $F$, and let $L^n(V)$ be the $n$-th homogeneous part of the free Lie algebra on $V$; this is a polynomial representation of $GL_m(F)$ of degree $n$, or equivalently, a module of the Schur algebra $S(m,n)$. Our result implies that, when $m \geq n$, every summand of $L^n(V)$ which is not a tilting module belongs to the principal block of $S(m,n)$, by which we mean the block containing the $n$-th symmetric power of $V$.

We introduce a stochastic process with Wishart marginals: the generalised Wishart process (GWP). It is a collection of positive semi-definite random matrices indexed by any arbitrary dependent variable. We use it to model dynamic (e.g. time varying) covariance matrices. Unlike existing models, it can capture a diverse class of covariance structures, it can easily handle missing data, the dependent variable can readily include covariates other than time, and it scales well with dimension; there is no need for free parameters, and optional parameters are easy to interpret. We describe how to construct the GWP, introduce general procedures for inference and predictions, and show that it outperforms its main competitor, multivariate GARCH, even on financial data that especially suits GARCH. We also show how to predict the mean of a multivariate process while accounting for dynamic correlations.

An inverse scattering problem for a quantized scalar field ${\bm \phi}$ obeying a linear Klein-Gordon equation $(\square + m^2 + V) {\bm \phi} = J \mbox{in $\mathbb{R} \times \mathbb{R}^3$}$ is considered, where $V$ is a repulsive external potential and $J$ an external source $J$. We prove that the scattering operator $\mathscr{S}= \mathscr{S}(V,J)$ associated with ${\bm \phi}$ uniquely determines $V$. Assuming that $J$ is of the form $J(t,x)=j(t)\rho(x)$, $(t,x) \in \mathbb{R} \times \mathbb{R}^3$, we represent $\rho$ (resp. $j$) in terms of $j$ (resp. $\rho$) and $\mathscr{S}$.