A conventional model of public opinion analysis is no longer suitable when the internet is the primary arena of information dissemination. Thus, a more practical approach is urgently needed to deal with this dynamic and complicated phenomenon of propagating public opinion. This paper proposes that the outbreak of internet public opinion and its negative impacts, such as the occurrence of major security incidents, are a result of coupling and the complex interaction of many factors. The Functional Resonance Analysis Method model is composed of those factors and considers the stages of network information dissemination, the unique propagation rule, and textual sentiment resonance on the internet. Moreover, it is the first public opinion governance method that simultaneously highlights the complex system, functional identification, and functional resonance. It suggests a more effective method to shorten the dissipation time of negative public opinion and is a considerable improvement over previous models for risk-prediction. Based on resonance theory and deep learning, this study establishes public opinion resonance functions, which made it possible to analyze public opinion triggers and build a simulation model to explore the patterns of public opinion development through long-term data capture. The simulation results of the Functional Resonance Analysis Method suggest that the resonance in the model is consistent with the evolution of public opinion in real situations and that the components of the resonance of public opinion can be separated into eleven subjective factors and three objective factors. In addition, managing the subjective factors can significantly accelerate the dissipation of negative opinions.

Boundary feedback stabilization of a critical, nonlinear Jordan--Moore--Gibson--Thompson (JMGT) equation is considered. JMGT arises in modeling of acoustic waves involved in medical/engineering treatments like lithotripsy, thermotherapy, sonochemistry, or any other procedures using High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU). It is a well-established and recently widely studied model for nonlinear acoustics (NLA): a third--order (in time) semilinear Partial Differential Equation (PDE) with the distinctive feature of predicting the propagation of ultrasound waves at \textit{finite} speed due to heat phenomenon know as \textit{second sound} which leads to the hyperbolic character of heat propagation. In practice, the JMGT dynamics is largely used for modeling the evolution of the acoustic velocity and, most importantly, the acoustic pressure as sound waves propagate through certain media. %Due to its sensitivity to different media, such model (or similar) is often used for medical/engineering treatments such as lithotripsy, thermotherapy, sonochemistry, or any other procedures using High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU). In this work, \emph{critical} refers to (usual) case where media--damping effects are non--existent or non--measurable and therefore cannot be relied upon for stabilization purposes. In this paper the issue of boundary stabilizability of originally unstable (JMGT) equation is resolved. Motivated by modeling aspects in HIFU technology, boundary feedback is supported only on a portion of the boundary, while the remaining part of the boundary is left free (available to control actions) . Since the boundary conditions imposed on the "free" part of the boundary fail to satisfy Lopatinski condition (unlike Dirichlet boundary conditions), the analysis of uniform stabilization from the boundary becomes very subtle and requires careful geometric considerations.

We study mode-entanglement in the seniority model, derive analytic formulas for the one-body reduced density matrix of states with seniority $\nu = 0,\;1,\;2$, and $\nu=3$, and also determine the particle number dependence of the one-body reduced density matrix for arbitrary seniority. We carry out numerical calculations for the lightest calcium isotopes and for $^{94}{\rm Ru}$ nucleus, and investigate the structure of their ground and low energy yrast states. We investigate the fulfillment of several predictions of the seniority model regarding the behavior of one-mode entropies, which we compare with the results of configuration interaction (CI) and density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) computations. For $^{94}{\rm Ru}$, the seniority model accounts for the $0g_{9/2}$ mode entropies, but seniority mixing is important for certain yrast states. Interaction induced quantum fluctuations decrease the occupation of the $0f_{5/2}$, $1p_{3/2}$ and $1p_{1/2}$ shells, and amount in finite mode entropies on these shells, too, clearly outside the scope of the simple $(0g_{9/2})^4$ seniority model. The $0f_{7/2}$ shell based seniority model is more accurate for the light ${\rm Ca}$ isotopes, but seniority mixing is substantial for some $^{44}{\rm Ca}$ yrast states, too.

{p=[Background, The health management information system has been implemented at all levels of healthcare delivery to ensure quality data production and information use in Ethiopia. Including the capacity-building activities and provision of infrastructure, various efforts have been made to improve the production and use of quality health data though the result is still unsatisfactory. This study aimed to examine the quality of health data and use in Wogera and Tach-Armacheho districts and understand its barriers and facilitators., Methods, The study utilized a mixed-method; for the quantitative approach, institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the quality of health data and use by 95 departments in the two districts. The qualitative approach involved 16 in-depth interviewees from Wogera district. A descriptive Phenomenological design was used to explore factors influencing the quality and use of health data. The quantitative data were expressed descriptively with tables, graphs, and percent whereas the qualitative data were analyzed with content analysis guided by the social-ecological model framework., Result, The average levels of information use for Wogera and Tach-Armacheho districts were estimated at 29 and 35.9, respectively. The overall average level of accuracy of reports for six different health services in the HCs of Wogera and Tach Armacheho districts were 0.95 and 0.86, respectively. The qualitatively identified factors that influence the production and use of quality health data include valuing data, getting staff training, being a patriotic staff, and getting supportive supervision, were identified from individual-level characteristics; similarly, coaching, supportive supervision, and peer-to-peer learning from relational/interpersonal level characteristics, and organizational culture, incentive, infrastructure establishing accountability, and staff turnover, were identified from organizational level characteristics., Conclusion, The quality of data and routine information utilization was low and were influenced by a number of actors presented in and around the health system including individual, interpersonal, and organizational characteristics. Incentive affects data quality and information use directly or indirectly after modifying factors at all levels of the social-ecological model. Therefore, interventions should gear towards addressing multiple social-ecological factors of the health system concomitantly or intervene on incentive which has a multifaceted effect on the outcome.], h1=Abstract}

This article introduces a three-axis framework indicating how AI can be informed by biological examples of social learning mechanisms. We argue that the complex human cognitive architecture owes a large portion of its expressive power to its ability to engage in social and cultural learning. However, the field of AI has mostly embraced a solipsistic perspective on intelligence. We thus argue that social interactions not only are largely unexplored in this field but also are an essential element of advanced cognitive ability, and therefore constitute metaphorically the dark matter of AI. In the first section, we discuss how social learning plays a key role in the development of intelligence. We do so by discussing social and cultural learning theories and empirical findings from social neuroscience. Then, we discuss three lines of research that fall under the umbrella of Social NeuroAI and can contribute to developing socially intelligent embodied agents in complex environments. First, neuroscientific theories of cognitive architecture, such as the global workspace theory and the attention schema theory, can enhance biological plausibility and help us understand how we could bridge individual and social theories of intelligence. Second, intelligence occurs in time as opposed to over time, and this is naturally incorporated by dynamical systems. Third, embodiment has been demonstrated to provide more sophisticated array of communicative signals. To conclude, we discuss the example of active inference, which offers powerful insights for developing agents that possess biological realism, can self-organize in time, and are socially embodied.

{p=Uma investigação pioneira do impacto da heterogeneidade meteorológica e geológica no aquífero arenítico Permo-Triássico da bacia do Rio Eden, Cumbria (GB), é descrito. Quantificar o impacto da heterogeneidade no ciclo da água é de crescente importância para a gestão dos recursos hídricos sustentável e para minimizar o risco de enchentes. Investigações tradicionais de heterogeneidade em escala de bacias requerem uma quantidade considerável de dados, e isto direcionou a analise de series temporais disponíveis para interpretar o impacto da heterogeneidade. A presente pesquisa integrou series temporais de nível de águas subterrâneas e meteorológicas em conjunto com dados intrínsecos do aquífero em 11 poços para quantificar o impacto da heterogeneidade e informar o entendimento hidrogeológico conceitual. O estudo categorizou visualmente e utilizou a decomposição de tendências sazonais por LOESS (STL) em 11 series temporais de águas subterrâneas e meteorológicas. A decomposição de componentes das diferentes series temporais foram comparadas utilizando variação de razões. Embora a Bacia Eden apresente alta heterogeneidade na distribuição da precipitação, analise comparativa entre a localização dos poços apresenta que (1) fatores meteorológicos na localização dos poços são essencialmente homogêneos e (2) os fatores meteorológicos não são suficientes para produzir a variação observada na série temporal do nível das águas subterrâneas. Três regimes hidrogeológicos distintos foram identificados e aparentam coincidir com as características heterogêneas das facies Brockram ao Sul, que representam a região silicificada ao norte dos arenitos Penrith e arenitos St Bees. O uso de analises STL em combinação com dados intrínsecos detalhados do aquífero é uma ferramenta de investigação perspicaz de baixo impacto que ajuda a guiar o desenvolvimento de modelos hidrogeológicos conceituais., h1=Resumo}

This article presents a hardware platform including stimulating implants wirelessly powered and controlled by a shared transmitter (TX) for coordinated leadless multisite stimulation. The adopted novel single-TX, multiple-implant structure can flexibly deploy stimuli, improve system efficiency, easily scale stimulating channel quantity, and relieve efforts in device synchronization. In the proposed system, a wireless link leveraging magnetoelectric (ME) effect is co-designed with a robust and efficient system-on-chip (SoC) to enable reliable operation and individual programming of every implant. Each implant integrates a 0.8-mm2 chip, a 6-mm2 ME film, and an energy storage capacitor within a 6.2-mm3 size. ME power transfer is capable of safely transmitting milliwatt power to devices placed several centimeters away from the TX coil, maintaining good efficiency with size constraints, and tolerating 60 degree, 1.5-cm misalignment in angular and lateral movement. The SoC robustly operates with 2-V source amplitude variations that spans a 40-mm TX-implant distance change, realizes individual addressability through physical unclonable function (PUF) IDs, and achieves 90% efficiency for 1.5-3.5-V stimulation with fully programmable stimulation parameters.

Lattice QCD plays an increasing role in reducing theoretical uncertainties in kaon decays. Here we focus on kaon decay channels $K\to \ell\nu_\ell \ell'^+ \ell'^-$, which are closely related to radiative kaon decays since the lepton pairs $\ell'^+ \ell'^-$ come from virtual photon emission: $K\to \ell\nu_\ell \gamma^* \to \ell\nu_\ell \ell'^+ \ell'^-$. Compared with real photon emission, these channels involve more complicated form factors due to the off-shell photon with possible large momentum transfer, which causes a challenge to lattice-QCD studies. In this work, we introduce a lattice calculation procedure for their decay width, which can avoid parameterization of form factors. The systematic errors in our method are found to be controllable. Infinite volume reconstruction method is adopted to remove the temporal truncation effects and reduce finite volume effects from kaon intermediate state. This approach sets up a bridge between lattice QCD calculation and experimental measurement of decay width.

We propose a transport theory for the kinetic evolution of solar-wind electrons in the heliosphere. We derive a gyro-averaged kinetic transport equation that accounts for the spherical expansion of the solar wind and the geometry of the Parker-spiral magnetic field. To solve our three-dimensional kinetic equation, we develop a mathematical approach that combines the Crank--Nicolson scheme in velocity space and a finite-difference Euler scheme in configuration space. We initialize our model with isotropic electron distribution functions and calculate the kinetic expansion at heliocentric distances from 5 to 20 solar radii. In our kinetic model, the electrons evolve mainly through the combination of the ballistic particle streaming, the magnetic mirror force, and the electric field. By applying fits to our numerical results, we quantify the parameters of the electron strahl and core part of the electron velocity distributions. The strahl fit parameters show that the density of the electron strahl is around 7% of the total electron density at a distance of 20 solar radii, the strahl bulk velocity and strahl temperature parallel to the background magnetic field stay approximately constant beyond a distance of 15 solar radii, and $\beta_{\parallel s}$ (i.e., the ratio between strahl parallel thermal pressure to the magnetic pressure) is approximately constant with heliocentric distance at a value of about 0.02. We compare our results with data measured by Parker Solar Probe. Furthermore, we provide theoretical evidence that the electron strahl is not scattered by the oblique fast-magnetosonic/whistler instability in the near-Sun environment.

Controlling the evolution of nonequilibrium systems to minimize dissipated heat or work is a key goal for designing nanodevices, both in nanotechnology and biology. Progress in computing optimal protocols has thus far been limited to either simple systems or near-equilibrium evolution. Here, we present an approach for computing optimal protocols based on automatic differentiation. Our methodology is applicable to complex systems and multidimensional protocols and is valid arbitrarily far from equilibrium. We validate our method by reproducing theoretical optimal protocols for a Brownian particle in a time-varying harmonic trap. We also compute departures from near-equilibrium behaviour for magnetization reversal on an Ising lattice and for barrier crossing driven by a harmonic trap, which has been used to represent a range of biological processes including biomolecular unfolding reactions. Algorithms based on automatic differentiation outperform the near-equilibrium theory for far-from-equilibrium magnetization reversal and driven barrier crossing. The optimal protocol for crossing an energy landscape barrier of 10kT is found to hasten the approach to, and slow the departure from, the barrier region compared to the near-equilibrium theoretical protocol.